arm_semihosting.c

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
/***************************************************************************
 *   Copyright (C) 2009 by Marvell Technology Group Ltd.                   *
 *   Written by Nicolas Pitre <nico@marvell.com>                           *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2010 by Spencer Oliver                                  *
 *   spen@spen-soft.co.uk                                                  *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2016 by Square, Inc.                                    *
 *   Steven Stallion <stallion@squareup.com>                               *
 *                                                                         *
 *   Copyright (C) 2018 by Liviu Ionescu                                   *
 *   <ilg@livius.net>                                                      *
 ***************************************************************************/
 
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
 
#include "arm.h"
#include "armv4_5.h"
#include "arm7_9_common.h"
#include "armv7m.h"
#include "armv7a.h"
#include "armv8.h"
#include "cortex_m.h"
#include "register.h"
#include "arm_opcodes.h"
#include "target_type.h"
#include "arm_semihosting.h"
#include <helper/binarybuffer.h>
#include <helper/log.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
 
static int arm_semihosting_resume(struct target *target, int *retval)
{
    if (is_armv8(target_to_armv8(target))) {
        struct armv8_common *armv8 = target_to_armv8(target);
        if (armv8->last_run_control_op == ARMV8_RUNCONTROL_RESUME) {
            *retval = target_resume(target, true, 0, false, false);
            if (*retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("Failed to resume target");
                return 0;
            }
        } else if (armv8->last_run_control_op == ARMV8_RUNCONTROL_STEP)
            target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_SINGLESTEP;
    } else {
        *retval = target_resume(target, true, 0, false, false);
        if (*retval != ERROR_OK) {
            LOG_ERROR("Failed to resume target");
            return 0;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}
 
static int post_result(struct target *target)
{
    struct arm *arm = target_to_arm(target);
 
    if (!target->semihosting)
        return ERROR_FAIL;
 
    /* REVISIT this looks wrong ... ARM11 and Cortex-A8
     * should work this way at least sometimes.
     */
    if (is_arm7_9(target_to_arm7_9(target)) ||
        is_armv7a(target_to_armv7a(target))) {
        uint32_t spsr;
 
        /* return value in R0 */
        buf_set_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, target->semihosting->result);
        arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = true;
 
        /* LR --> PC */
        buf_set_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32,
            buf_get_u32(arm_reg_current(arm, 14)->value, 0, 32));
        arm->core_cache->reg_list[15].dirty = true;
 
        /* saved PSR --> current PSR */
        spsr = buf_get_u32(arm->spsr->value, 0, 32);
 
        /* REVISIT should this be arm_set_cpsr(arm, spsr)
         * instead of a partially unrolled version?
         */
 
        buf_set_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32, spsr);
        arm->cpsr->dirty = true;
        arm->core_mode = spsr & 0x1f;
        if (spsr & 0x20)
            arm->core_state = ARM_STATE_THUMB;
 
    } else if (is_armv8(target_to_armv8(target))) {
        if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_AARCH64) {
            /* return value in R0 */
            buf_set_u64(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 64, target->semihosting->result);
            arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = true;
 
            uint64_t pc = buf_get_u64(arm->core_cache->reg_list[32].value, 0, 64);
            buf_set_u64(arm->pc->value, 0, 64, pc + 4);
            arm->pc->dirty = true;
        }  else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) {
            /* return value in R0 */
            buf_set_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, target->semihosting->result);
            arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = true;
 
            uint32_t pc = buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[32].value, 0, 32);
            buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, pc + 4);
            arm->pc->dirty = true;
        } else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB) {
            /* return value in R0 */
            buf_set_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, target->semihosting->result);
            arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = true;
 
            uint32_t pc = buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[32].value, 0, 32);
            buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, pc + 2);
            arm->pc->dirty = true;
        }
    } else {
        /* resume execution, this will be pc+2 to skip over the
         * bkpt instruction */
 
        /* return result in R0 */
        buf_set_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, target->semihosting->result);
        arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = true;
    }
 
    return ERROR_OK;
}
 
int arm_semihosting_init(struct target *target)
{
    struct arm *arm = target_to_arm(target);
    assert(arm->setup_semihosting);
    semihosting_common_init(target, arm->setup_semihosting, post_result);
 
    return ERROR_OK;
}
 
int arm_semihosting(struct target *target, int *retval)
{
    struct arm *arm = target_to_arm(target);
    struct armv7a_common *armv7a = target_to_armv7a(target);
    uint32_t pc, lr, spsr;
    struct reg *r;
 
    struct semihosting *semihosting = target->semihosting;
    if (!semihosting)
        return 0;
 
    if (!semihosting->is_active)
        return 0;
 
    if (is_arm7_9(target_to_arm7_9(target)) ||
        is_armv7a(armv7a)) {
        uint32_t vbar = 0x00000000;
 
        if (arm->core_mode != ARM_MODE_SVC)
            return 0;
 
        if (is_armv7a(armv7a)) {
            struct arm_dpm *dpm = armv7a->arm.dpm;
 
            *retval = dpm->prepare(dpm);
            if (*retval == ERROR_OK) {
                *retval = dpm->instr_read_data_r0(dpm,
                                 ARMV4_5_MRC(15, 0, 0, 12, 0, 0),
                                 &vbar);
 
                dpm->finish(dpm);
 
                if (*retval != ERROR_OK)
                    return 1;
            } else {
                return 1;
            }
        }
 
        /* Check for PC == 0x00000008 or 0xffff0008: Supervisor Call vector. */
        r = arm->pc;
        pc = buf_get_u32(r->value, 0, 32);
        if (pc != (vbar + 0x00000008) && pc != 0xffff0008)
            return 0;
 
        r = arm_reg_current(arm, 14);
        lr = buf_get_u32(r->value, 0, 32);
 
        /* Core-specific code should make sure SPSR is retrieved
         * when the above checks pass...
         */
        if (!arm->spsr->valid) {
            LOG_ERROR("SPSR not valid!");
            *retval = ERROR_FAIL;
            return 1;
        }
 
        spsr = buf_get_u32(arm->spsr->value, 0, 32);
 
        /* check instruction that triggered this trap */
        if (spsr & (1 << 5)) {
            /* was in Thumb (or ThumbEE) mode */
            uint8_t insn_buf[2];
            uint16_t insn;
 
            *retval = target_read_memory(target, lr-2, 2, 1, insn_buf);
            if (*retval != ERROR_OK)
                return 1;
            insn = target_buffer_get_u16(target, insn_buf);
 
            /* SVC 0xab */
            if (insn != 0xDFAB)
                return 0;
        } else if (spsr & (1 << 24)) {
            /* was in Jazelle mode */
            return 0;
        } else {
            /* was in ARM mode */
            uint8_t insn_buf[4];
            uint32_t insn;
 
            *retval = target_read_memory(target, lr-4, 4, 1, insn_buf);
            if (*retval != ERROR_OK)
                return 1;
            insn = target_buffer_get_u32(target, insn_buf);
 
            /* SVC 0x123456 */
            if (insn != 0xEF123456)
                return 0;
        }
    } else if (is_armv7m(target_to_armv7m(target))) {
        uint16_t insn;
 
        if (target->debug_reason != DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT)
            return 0;
 
        r = arm->pc;
        pc = buf_get_u32(r->value, 0, 32);
 
        pc &= ~1;
        *retval = target_read_u16(target, pc, &insn);
        if (*retval != ERROR_OK)
            return 1;
 
        /* bkpt 0xAB */
        if (insn != 0xBEAB)
            return 0;
    } else if (is_armv8(target_to_armv8(target))) {
        if (target->debug_reason != DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT)
            return 0;
 
        /* According to ARM Semihosting for AArch32 and AArch64:
         * The HLT encodings are new in version 2.0 of the semihosting specification.
         * Where possible, have semihosting callers continue to use the previously
         * existing trap instructions to ensure compatibility with legacy semihosting
         * implementations.
         * These trap instructions are HLT for A64, SVC on A+R profile A32 or T32,
         * and BKPT on M profile.
         * However, it is necessary to change from SVC to HLT instructions to support
         * AArch32 semihosting properly in a mixed AArch32/AArch64 system. */
 
        if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_AARCH64) {
            uint32_t insn = 0;
            r = arm->pc;
            uint64_t pc64 = buf_get_u64(r->value, 0, 64);
            *retval = target_read_u32(target, pc64, &insn);
 
            if (*retval != ERROR_OK)
                return 1;
 
            /* HLT 0xF000 */
            if (insn != 0xD45E0000)
                return 0;
        } else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) {
            r = arm->pc;
            pc = buf_get_u32(r->value, 0, 32);
 
            /* A32 instruction => check for HLT 0xF000 (0xE10F0070) */
            uint32_t insn = 0;
 
            *retval = target_read_u32(target, pc, &insn);
 
            if (*retval != ERROR_OK)
                return 1;
 
            /* HLT 0xF000*/
            if (insn != 0xE10F0070)
                return 0;
        } else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB) {
            r = arm->pc;
            pc = buf_get_u32(r->value, 0, 32);
 
            /* T32 instruction => check for HLT 0x3C (0xBABC) */
            uint16_t insn = 0;
            *retval = target_read_u16(target, pc, &insn);
 
            if (*retval != ERROR_OK)
                return 1;
 
            /* HLT 0x3C*/
            if (insn != 0xBABC)
                return 0;
        } else
            return 1;
    } else {
        LOG_ERROR("Unsupported semi-hosting Target");
        return 0;
    }
 
    /* Perform semihosting if we are not waiting on a fileio
     * operation to complete.
     */
    if (!semihosting->hit_fileio) {
        if (is_armv8(target_to_armv8(target)) &&
                arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_AARCH64) {
            /* Read op and param from register x0 and x1 respectively. */
            semihosting->op = buf_get_u64(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 64);
            semihosting->param = buf_get_u64(arm->core_cache->reg_list[1].value, 0, 64);
            semihosting->word_size_bytes = 8;
        } else {
            /* Read op and param from register r0 and r1 respectively. */
            semihosting->op = buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32);
            semihosting->param = buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[1].value, 0, 32);
            semihosting->word_size_bytes = 4;
        }
 
        /* Check for ARM operation numbers. */
        if ((semihosting->op >= 0 && semihosting->op <= 0x31) ||
            (semihosting->op >= 0x100 && semihosting->op <= 0x107)) {
 
            *retval = semihosting_common(target);
            if (*retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("Failed semihosting operation (0x%02X)",
                        semihosting->op);
                return 0;
            }
        } else {
            /* Unknown operation number, not a semihosting call. */
            return 0;
        }
    }
 
    /* Resume if target it is resumable and we are not waiting on a fileio
     * operation to complete:
     */
    if (semihosting->is_resumable && !semihosting->hit_fileio)
        return arm_semihosting_resume(target, retval);
 
    return 0;
}